Eco-solutions: Ecoaction NGO presents green reconstruction principles for Ukraine’s recovery on SolutionsHub

War has a significant impact on both the economy and infrastructure. However, this crisis also presents opportunities for implementing modern technologies. Green reconstruction is a viable option that can enhance Ukraine's economic potential and propel it to new levels of progress and development.

At the SolutionsHub event, Anastasiia Ivashyna, an expert in the climate department of NGO Ecoaction, discussed the steps that communities should take towards recovery and the ecological significance of this approach.

What is the problem?

Based on the experience of more than two years of a full-scale invasion, it has become clear that once the Ukrainian territories are freed from occupation, people are eager to return to their communities and begin rebuilding the destroyed infrastructure as soon as possible. However, if climate-friendly solutions are not taken into account during the recovery process, it will only lead to additional environmental problems, which constant Russian attacks, fires, and destruction have already exacerbated.

Scientists from the Initiative for Accounting for Greenhouse Gas Emissions from War have revealed that Russia's aggression has resulted in a staggering $32 billion in climate damage over two years. The researchers estimated that the total amount of greenhouse gas emissions caused by Russia's invasion amounts to 175 million tons of carbon.

"About a third of the total of 175 million tons can be linked to reconstruction efforts, precisely 32%, or 56 million tons of carbon. The main reason for this is the heavy carbon footprint associated with commonly used construction materials like steel and concrete. So, it is crucial for local authorities to not just quickly rebuild the infrastructure but also adopt the most effective practices from Europe and consider sustainable development and environmental safety for the future. This will help communities become more self-sufficient and use natural resources responsibly," Anastasiia Ivashyna says.

What is the solution?

Each region will have unique recovery needs, but they should all strive for green recovery. This involves creating a well-defined plan that focuses on using energy-efficient technologies and protecting natural ecosystems while considering the social and economic conditions of the communities. To assist with this, the Ecoaction NGO has developed principles for green reconstruction, including:

• Permanent and system solutions.

This means long-term development plans must support temporary recovery measures, balancing the economy with environmental security and societal needs.

• Transparency, community, and public participation in decision-making.

Guaranteeing the availability of public information is crucial for efficient public oversight. This can be achieved by implementing transparent public procurement processes, adopting digital services, and establishing open monitoring systems. Local inhabitants should be given the opportunity to actively engage in the recovery process, including planning and decision-making. Government representatives should ensure that public participation is of high quality through open discussions, hearings, and collaborative working groups.

• Use of best available technologies and practices.

Ukraine's rebound must rely on advanced technology and eco-friendly practices, specifically by enforcing EU laws and adhering to environmental regulations. This involves implementing procedures for assessing environmental impact, meeting eco-friendliness standards, and adopting energy-efficient innovations. Furthermore, it's crucial to maintain environmental oversight while easing business regulations and updating building standards to incorporate green solutions in infrastructure.

• Sustainable and sustainable development of cities and regions.

Settlement development plans must consider residents' needs and provide comfortable and safe public spaces. Key aspects are implementing sustainable mobility, using renewable energy sources, effectively greening cities, and ensuring the inclusiveness of public spaces. In addition, it is necessary to integrate air quality monitoring systems and restore water supply and drainage, taking into account advanced technologies.

• Decarbonization and decentralization of energy.

The focus of green reconstruction should be on ditching fossil fuels and switching over to renewable energy sources. This can be achieved by improving energy efficiency and promoting decentralized sources. By 2050, Ukraine should aim to rely entirely on renewable sources and gradually phase out nuclear energy. It is also crucial to ensure a fair transition for regions that heavily rely on fossil fuels and to redirect investments towards renewable energy projects instead of constructing more nuclear power plants.

• Development of sustainable and decentralized agri-food systems.

Ukraine's agri-food system should prioritize the growth of local and decentralized systems, the diversification of small and medium-sized farms, and the promotion of sustainable agricultural production methods. It is also crucial to incorporate circular economy principles in the processing of agricultural products and to ensure transparency in the agricultural land market. These actions will aid in establishing a more resilient and sustainable food system.

• Ensuring the preservation of ecosystems and natural wealth of Ukraine.

Restoring ecosystems damaged by war is a high priority for preserving biodiversity and climate resilience. Control over the environmental consequences of resource extraction during reconstruction and compliance with environmental standards are also necessary. The Strategy for Environmental Security and Adaptation to Climate Change should also be implemented by developing plans to protect agriculture, forestry, and water management.

How does it work?

A dispensary in the village of Horenka, located in the Kyiv region, has adopted the concept of green reconstruction. It served as the pilot project to install an eco-friendly energy supply system. The decision was made to utilize the earth's energy to heat the building, which involved installing a soil-water heat pump in the yard. Additionally, a solar power plant with 28 panels was installed on the roof to ensure the facility operates during power outages.

The cost of reconstructing the heating system and installing solar panels was about 56,000 euros, which the German government allocated as part of Ukraine's green restoration projects. Experts predict that the new equipment should pay for itself in 6-7 years.

In the initial months following the renovation of the dispensary, it was evident that the heat pump could effectively heat the medical facility during the colder months. Despite frequent power outages in the Kyiv region throughout the winter, the solar panels fulfilled most of the dispensary's energy requirements. By February, the solar system had provided 45% of the electricity needed, followed by 60% in March and approximately 80% in April. More information on this inspiring case of sustainable rehabilitation can be found here.

Additionally, Rubryka has introduced a new format specifically for NGOs, activists, and experts. Through the newly established hub, Rubryka will organize events to bring together and involve individuals passionate about creating change and developing innovative solutions.